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"Supposing I said there was a planet without schools or teachers, study was unknown, and yet the inhabitants—doing nothing but living and walking about—came to know all things, to carry in their minds the whole of learning: would you not think I was romancing?”   Maria Montessori

Maria Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, Marche 1870. She graduated medical school in the University of Rome with high honors in 1896. However it wasn’t in the world of medicine that Montessori was to leave her legacy.

Specializing in pediatrics Montessori treated and observed many children with developmental disorders in the 1900s, her success here provided her with the opportunity to test her theory on so called “normal” children when the Italian government afforded Montessori the position of head mistress of the now infamous ‘Casa Dei Bambini” (or Children’s House.). Her pioneering approach to education yielded positive results in the slums of Rome, by late 1925 Montessori schools in America alone we in the 1,000’s. Sadly in a world thwarted by war education took a back seat by the 1940’s only a handful of schools remained. Montessori was forced to flee to India during WW2 where she founded ‘Education for Peace” which earned her 2 Nobel Peace Prize Nominations. She passed away in 1952 in the Netherlands aged 81, where a short decade after her death her methodology received a vivacious and much needed revival.

What is the Montessori Method? How is it relevant to ESL classrooms over half a century later? In 1949 Montessori published the book “The Absorbent Mind” available for free download (try archive.org) this text written by Montessori herself is great starting block.

 

How can an old lady and a Gardener help in my ESL classroom?

Montessori History
 

“The child is the constructor of man” Written at a devastating time in human history, Montessori believed potential for a better world lay with how we educate children.  Simply passing on or “transmitting” knowledge to a child was a poor substitute for allowing them to investigate and conclude independently.

"Philosophies and religions are said to give contributions, it may be true but how many philosophers are there in the ultra-civilised world of today and how many have there been before and how many will there be? Noble Ideas, great sentiments have always existed and have always been transmitted but wars have never ceased. If education is to be concieved along the lines of transmitting knowledge the problem would remain without solution forever indeed there would be no hope for this world. It is not transmission of knowledge that is required, the consideration of the human personality alone can lead us t salvation...If salvation and help are to come it is through the child; for the child is the constructor of man."

 

And what is the aspect of the humn personality we should conside our salvation? The child´s inherent thirst for knowledge and naturally inquisitive mind. Save the child like curiosity and save humanity? Perhaps.

 

The Montessori classroom is not a classroom but a “prepared environment”, it would be fair for untrained eye to surmise both environments identical, but you would be mistaken, firstly take the teacher described by Anne E Gorge in “Montessori Method”

 

 “The teacher moves quietly about, goes to any child who calls her, supervising operations in such a way that anyone who needs her finds her at his elbow, and whoever does not need her is not reminded of her existence.” Radically different to traditional learning, shelves are stacked with aesthetically pleasing educational tools, made from natural materials. The teacher will not hold the class in session imparting knowledge or worksheets. Children will lead and she will dutifully follow. Will Wright creator of the computer game the Sims told Wall Street Journal “Montessori taught me the joy of discovery, It showed you can become interested in pretty complex theories, like Pythagorean theory, say, by playing with blocks. It’s all about learning on your terms, rather than a teacher explaining stuff to you. SimCity comes right out of Montessori.”

 

This does not mean that the classroom is a free for all where 30 children run ragged rings around one exhausted facilitator, the day is meticulously planned and the materials painstakingly selected. The principle is founded on children’s natural desire to investigate. So does it actually work? Larry Page Google CEO told ABCs Barbara Walters his success was routed in Montessori. “I think it was part of that training of not following rules and orders, and being self motivated, questioning what's going on in the world and doing things a little bit differently,".

 

In my ESL Kindergarten, I haven’t taught Pythagorean Theory with blocks yet, but I’m not opposed to trying, the student will often surpass the teacher in this environment and I’d be more than happy for this start in K1! My 3-6 year olds know complex topics about our planet using some simple and inexpensive experiments; the composition of the earth’s 3 main elements Earth, water and air, understanding how they are represent on 3 and 2D maps also the continental organization matching famous attributes of each continent to its origin. The social and moral studies curriculum is tough nut to crack for any teacher. I’ve spent many a lesson explaining core moral concepts to blank little faces, particularly when some are learning in English as a 2nd or even 4th language. With Montessori you can remove the language barrier in the explanation stages and move straight on to building core knowledge of self, environment, applied mathematics and even English grammar. I would encourage any ESL teacher, young learners or otherwise to download the “Absorbent Mind” and dedicate a morning to the method, instead of teaching the children, just let them learn. I’d be interested to hear what you learn too.      

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Montessori Principles
Multiple Intelligences

Education world's expert blog put's into great words see full artilce below.
In layman's terms; we've all seen the cartoon of the monkey the goldfish and the elephant queuing for a standardized testing exam under the caption "CLIMB THAT TREE" Thats is basically what the linear school system is doing to learners of all ages.  Now your school may not  follow the approach that does that mean you can not emulate those princliples in your planning, give the goldfish a chance to excell too!

(Just incase you haven't seen it, here it is again) 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

Full article:

Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory has asked educators to take a fresh look at our assumptions about children and learning. Teachers around the world are rethinking lessons and units -- and their entire approaches to teaching -- based on his research. Whether you're just learning the ropes or looking for a more in-depth study of M.I. applications, there's material on the Web for you!Included: A wealth of information on multiple intelligence theory, from articles and interviews to lessons, projects, and activities!

 

Consider one 17-year-old boy who twice failed grade 10. This student's IQ score, at barely 100, allowed him to squeak into the public school's regular program, but his school's testing practice prevented the boy from rising past the bottom scores in his class. For a while, in spite of his difficulties to pass most tests, the student desperately tried to succeed at school. Life on a farm taught him the value of hard consistent work, and the boy's easy-going nature splashed color on classroom activities. His infectious laughter made him a sought-after friend to both peers and staff. The shop teacher told how he frequently hung around to help out after class, and how, when volunteers were requested, he was first to respond.

 

Although the boy mastered few skills championed in traditional Western curricula, he clearly possessed his own unique array of talents. While he showed higher than average inter-communication ability, however, he withdrew and often grew noticeably quiet when tests were handed back...

 

"One principal suggested that the boy came to school with the 'wrong abilities.' Other educators, like his science and music teachers, suggested that the school issued this student the 'wrong tests.' Unfortunately, however, the boy failed grade 10. Already stung by two previous failures and rather than repeat again, eventually he simply dropped out of the high-school system."

How many teachers recognize a student like the one so eloquently described above in this excerpt from A Portrait Of A Student Failed by the Present System (New Horizons for Learning Electronic Journal, Spring 1992)? In that story, author Patricia Weber goes on to make a case for the work of Howard Gardner, father of the theory of multiple intelligences. Writes Weber, "Educator and researcher Howard Gardner argues that the educational system's narrow view of intelligence must be replaced with an attempt to mobilize the student's full range of human intelligences." The majority of teachers were fortunate to have successful experiences as students; they were able to master the requirements of a language arts-mathematics based curriculum and the narrowly designed methods used to measure progress. But what about those students, such as the boy described by Weber, who weren't able to demonstrate their abilities in traditionally rote ways? How have we penalized those students over the years? Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory (hereafter referred to as M.I.) transcends the boundaries of how we have traditionally looked at learning. And it couldn't have happened at a more important moment in our history. The citizens of the 21st century will not thrive by simply mastering literacy and computation; they will need to be real-world problem solvers who understand how to access and manipulate all kinds of information in incredibly flexible ways in order to be productive. M.I. provides us with the tools to meet this challenge today.

After you've read this article, if you're looking for more resources, check out the M.I. edition of the Innovative Teaching Newsletter .

The Gardener did it!

"Intelligence is the ability to find and solve problems and create products of value in one's own culture."

"How can our knowledge, given the intelligences, help us learn to think like a historian, like a scientist, and so on? If we don't change the way people think about those things, then school is a waste of time after elementary school." 

-- Dr. Howard Gardner, Harvard University

M.I. theory is so holistic that the best place to start is with the big picture -- What is this theory and what are its implications for the classroom? The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences , on the EdWeb site, gives a nice overview of the underpinnings of Gardner's theory. Ronnie Durie'sAn Interview With Howard Gardner gives another nice snapshot of the theory. More recently, NEAToday Online published An Interview With Howard Gardner that provides insight into his work. Finally, I recommend to you Gardner's Eight Criteria For Identifying Intelligence , my own explanation of Gardner's criteria for identifying human intelligences.

How you are smart.

After you have the big picture, why not examine a little more closely Gardner's individual intelligences? Dee Dickinson's Learning Through Many Kinds Of Intelligence does a nice job of explaining Gardner's original seven intelligences. Bruce Campbell showcased the eighth intelligence at the time it was announced in The Naturalist Intelligence . Unfortunately, there is not much out there yet on the ninth intelligence, the existentialist intelligence. You might also take a look at It's Not How Smart You Are -- It's How You Are Smart , which explores all nine intelligences in layman's terms.

Implications and apllications.

So you might be able to buy into the theory, but you need to see how M.I. translates into classroom teaching. The Multiplying Intelligence In The Classroom Web Page is a good place to start considering the possibilities. Thomas Armstrong's Multiple Intelligences page is another site that presents the theory and its implications for teachers. At the Teaching For Multiple Intelligences Page , Educational Leadership offers several articles on M.I. theory devoted to the topic. The Gardner School and the Key Learning Community are two more Web pages that demonstrate the possibilities of implementing M.I. in the curriculum.

Making it your own

You might be looking for more concrete examples of how M.I. can enrich your existing program. Eric Oddleifson presents a nice case for M.I. and the arts in

 

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